To maintain youth, a variety of methods are now used. The laser in cosmetology provides medical and cosmetic effect. The procedures allow performing aesthetic procedures in a short time without the risk of various complications that may occur with other methods of exposure. The types of laser and their use are described in the article.
Opportunities
A laser is a single-color light beam converted into thermal energy. It is used in various branches of science, including cosmetology. There are many kinds and types of this radiation. Each of them has its own effect on biological tissues. The laser in cosmetology is used for:
- restoring the lost contour of the face;
- smooth fine and deep wrinkles;
- lightening age spots;
- remove unwanted moles and papillomas;
- coagulation of damaged vessels;
- eliminate unnecessary tattoos, keloid scars;
- perform hair removal;
- stimulation of hair follicles and treatmentfrom baldness;
- reduce acne;
- dissolving and removing fat cells.
These problems are eliminated in this way only with the help of specialists. Instead of many other methods, specialists choose a laser in cosmetology. Reviews testify to the effectiveness of the procedure and excellent results.
Body reaction
Skin, hair, blood and blood vessel cells contain colored substances called chromophores. They absorb the light energy of the laser and heat up under its influence. In cosmetology, ablative and non-ablative lasers are used, which are divided into many types (colors). An important difference is the depth and strength of the impact.
Ablative performs the evaporation of water from tissue cells, and non-ablative heats the tissue. Lasers of different colors act selectively, that is, on tissue that is receptive to this spectrum. Other nearby tissues will be intact. For example, a yellow laser is used for soldering blood vessels, coagulation. As a result, the spider vein is eliminated, and the skin will be intact.
The green color of the laser absorbs melanin, which is present in excess in age spots. Therefore, it is used in the treatment of pigmentation. Red color absorbs blood and has a wide impact.
Laser in cosmetology is used to eliminate wrinkles. Such removal can be continuous or fractional. After the secondThe procedure leaves he althy skin, so recovery is faster and easier.
What problems are being solved?
In cosmetology, CO2 laser and erbium laser have different depth of impact. The second is sparing, therefore it is in demand among women who want to undergo laser resurfacing or lifting. But often the desired effect is not achieved only due to surface exposure. Depending on the purpose, a CO2 or erbium laser is used in cosmetology. Thanks to these methods, you can get rid of:
- Wrinkles and uneven skin. To eliminate deep mimic and small senile wrinkles, complex laser rejuvenation is used. It includes laser resurfacing, lifting or laser-vacuum massage. For this, an aggressive ablative laser is used, for example, an erbium or CO2 laser. In cosmetology, these are the most effective methods.
- Warts and moles. Unwanted formations with a laser beam are eliminated better than with a scalpel.
- Needs a facelift. In plastic surgery, a carbon dioxide laser is often used, which perfectly cuts tissue. The property of fast soldering of blood vessels makes the operation almost bloodless.
- The need to improve skin turgor. Thanks to the non-ablative fractional laser treatment, the skin produces its own collagen and elastin. A feature is the result, which increases every day and lasts for many years.
- Keloid scars. After the first procedure, the scars from acne or burns will be smoothed out and less noticeable. If the scars are deep, apply a CO2 beam.
- Tattoos. To burn them out, a CO2 laser is used in cosmetology, which penetrates deep into the skin.
- Pigment spots and freckles. As you can see from the photo, the laser in cosmetology provides an excellent effect. Hyperpigmentation manifestations can also be eliminated with this procedure. Melanin, which is abundant in the cells of the epidermis, is destroyed, and the skin will brighten. This will help fix the problem permanently.
- Vascular asterisks and birthmarks. Weak blood vessels are damaged, and therefore star-shaped reticulums appear. Eliminate them, as well as birthmarks, with a dye laser or yttrium aluminum garnet with an admixture of neodymium. In some cases, semiconductor diode lasers are used.
- Hair epilation. For these purposes, various laser beams are used, which are selected based on skin tone and the vegetation to be removed.
- Cellulite or double chin. The laser is able to dissolve fatty tissues, turning them into fatty acids and glycerol, therefore it is used to eliminate excess weight. A greater cosmetic effect is provided when combined with physical activity or other methods that ensure the rapid removal of dissolved lipids. Clinics that offer laser lipolysis promise to eliminate 2-4 cm after the first session. And many positive reviews confirm this.
CO2
According to reviews, the CO2 laser in cosmetology has been used in the medical field for about 40 years. It is also called carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide. The procedure is effective for tumors, strong skin pigmentation, tattoo removal, cicatricial skin imperfections after acne. Thanks to the improvement of devices and techniques, the laser is also used in grinding.
The method is to eliminate the epidermis to the papillary layer. The procedure is usually performed before mechanical and chemical dermabrasion. This is due to the fact that it is possible to strictly dose the depth of exposure in 1 pass by the scanner. Another method covers a large area in 1 procedure, has good hemostasis (stop bleeding), less trauma and better efficiency.
As you can see from the photo, the CO2 laser in cosmetology allows you to get excellent results. With it, it will be possible to remove small papillomas, fibromas, keloid scars, post-acne. It also provides the effect of long-term lifting, narrowing of pores. The number of relapses and complications is noticeably less, and recovery is faster.
But this method has its downsides. Of these, a long (from 2 weeks to 2 months) reddening of the face is isolated, which occurs due to the expansion of the capillary network. The epithelial layer is restored for a long time - at least 15 days. If the dosage of the beam was inaccurate, then scars and pigmentation appear.
Erbium
This device does not have the disadvantages of the previous device. This is confirmed by numerous reviews. Erbium laser in cosmetology has a basis - a crystal of yttrium-aluminum garnet (erbium). The device provides a photomechanical reaction in the tissues, when the thermal energy appears noticeably less thanwith carbon dioxide laser.
Such a laser penetrates to a shallower depth, has high accuracy (the main feature), and the generated thermal energy is lost quickly, so the cells are minimally damaged. As a result, energy density, wavelength, pulse duration are balanced, which minimizes side effects. Erbium lasers are more suitable for peeling, stretch mark removal, lifting.
Photon
Laser "Photon" in cosmetology includes erbium and neodymium lasers. The radiation does not act on the coloring melanin, but on the vessels of the hair follicles, which will help to epilate not only dark, but also light hair. Due to the large penetration depth of the beam (6-8 mm), it will help to eliminate even hair follicles that are deep under the skin.
These rays destroy the bacterial membrane, provide an anti-inflammatory effect during the treatment of acne. They are used for coagulation of blood vessels in the treatment of rosacea, spider veins. Due to the moderate warm effect, the function of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis in the deep skin layers are stimulated, so the procedure is used for skin tightening, natural moisturizing, smoothing wrinkles. This laser is great for vascular problems.
Neodymium
Neodymium laser in cosmetology is considered the most common. It penetrates the tissue by 6-8 mm. Due to the individual characteristics of the generated energy flow, it can be used in various directions.
This laser in cosmetology has an excellent effect on the hair follicle, a natural skin pigment. Only small blood vessels are affected by the laser beam. During this period, their coagulation is observed. Due to its ability to effectively coagulate blood-saturated tissues, it is used in cosmetic surgery.
Holmium
This species is considered to be a holmium-activated yttrium aluminum garnet crystal. The depth of radiation into the biological tissue is up to 0.4 mm. These properties are similar to those of a carbon dioxide laser. Due to the 2-micron radiation, it passes perfectly through the optical fiber. This ability will help to use it for convenient delivery of radiation to the area of the operation being performed.
Holmium radiation is capable of coagulating vessels up to 0.5 mm in size. Due to the combination of physical characteristics of holmium laser radiation, it is used in various fields of medicine.
Other species
In addition to the above types of laser, there are others:
- Ruby. This beam is used to perform epilation. A special feature is the possibility of carrying out the procedure only on fair skin. If you use radiation on tanned or swarthy skin, then there is a possibility of pigmentation problems. And with a strong burden, a burn may occur.
- Alexandrite. It generates a long-range beam, making it different from the ruby look. During processing, constant external cooling of the tissues is necessary. Used to treat fair skin ifno tan. Epilating light hair can be harmful and ineffective.
- Diode. This type of laser is used to perform effective hair removal. The depth of penetration of the beam is no more than 4 mm. The advantage of the procedure is the absence of damage to the natural pigmentation of the body.
Laser, although it is considered effective in solving many problems, you still need to get expert advice first. You also need to follow the recommendations of a professional after these sessions, so that recovery happens faster.
Combination with other treatments
In cosmetology, the laser for the face is used not only independently, but also with other means of rejuvenation. This ensures the best effect of other anti-aging methods. An excellent effect is expected with laser-vacuum rejuvenation.
All nozzles of the device in the form of a jar are equipped with 2 holes: for pumping out air and a light beam. With the help of a vacuum, blood circulation and lymphatic drainage in problem areas are enhanced, the bottom of wrinkles rises, and therefore the laser acts in a concentrated manner without increasing the radiation power.
The device on which laser-vacuum massage is performed is called a barolaser. With it, it will be possible to repeatedly increase skin turgor, smooth out wrinkles, and get rid of cellulite.
In clinics, head massage is performed using a needle roller nozzle that emits laser light. At home, a laser comb can be used. This is needed foreffectively combat baldness.
Contraindications
Laser procedures for the face and other parts of the body have contraindications. Therefore, before contacting the clinic, you need to visit a doctor for an examination. Laser procedures are prohibited, if any:
- heart disease, pacemaker, high systolic pressure;
- acute inflammation, deep vein thrombosis and hemorrhoids;
- injury and bleeding;
- cancer;
- asthma;
- impaired immune system;
- dark skin;
- pregnancy;
- dental implants and plastic dentures;
- skin inflammation, herpes.
When can treatments be performed?
It is believed that all laser procedures can be performed at any age. This is not entirely true, since the stability of the hormonal system is considered important. Therefore, for minors who are not yet 13-14 years old, laser procedures are prohibited. In some cases, this is only possible with the permission of the attending physician.
These procedures are believed to have less effect in adolescence than at 17 years of age. Better to wait than waste money. But even at a later age, it is better to consult a specialist first.
