No factory-made raincoat can replace this practical and comfortable piece of clothing. It has features that are not characteristic of any modern fashionable raincoat and headdress. This has always been noted by travelers, scientists, climbers who have ever visited the Caucasus.
Definition
Bashlyk - what is it? Depending on the belonging of the headdress of a particular nation and time, its forms have certain differences.
And in general, a hood is a warm headdress made of cloth and representing the shape of an acute-angled cap with long ends, usually worn on top of a hat.
According to historical dictionaries, this type of clothing has different definitions. Usually among the Turkic peoples, this is a pointed hood with long ends (blades), worn on top of a headdress, sewn from cloth or woolen fabric.
The meaning of the word "cap"
Caucasian and Cossack hood is usually sewn from thin cloth of white or black (rarely red) color in the form of a square bag with 2open sides and with long lobes at the corners. The name of this clothing from the Turkic means "head", "on the head" or "at the head". Initially, the hood had a style without blades (often found on images of Scythian vases).
Its name comes from the Turkish word "başlyk", "baş" - head.
Cowl: photo, history, forms
It is the eastern origin of the headdress that is determined by the nature of the headdress's trimmings - embroidery from metallic threads, the presence of tassels and decorative cords. Uniform hood (military) looked stricter. Connecting seams were trimmed with colored braid and leather, emphasizing the simplicity of the form.
In Russia, the Cossacks contributed to the spread of the hood, due to the fact that some of them lived in close proximity to the Caucasian peoples. Thus, they borrowed from them the most practical elements of clothing (burqa) for those conditions. The hood was very fashionable and stylish in the 1830s, when they began to wear burnous (cloak with a hood).
In the army, the hood was introduced as one of the details of the uniform in 1862, and it was sewn from cloth woven from camel hair, the color of wet sand. The navy wore a black hood. As a rule, it was worn in frosts of more than 5 degrees and in summer to protect the back from the hot sun.
In 1863, the hood was very popular and in great demand. What it is? It was the height of fashion. They even began to be worn at various festive events and balls. Festive hoods were sewn from red cloth, and everyday ones were dark.shades or even black.
This piece of clothing was so comfortable and practical in those days that it was introduced as a uniform even in other countries - Germany and France.
Ancient headdress of the Vainakhs (Chechens and Ingush)
Universal and simple cap. What does this mean for the peoples of the North Caucasus? This is the oldest headdress that they used as an integral part of a costume (both ceremonial and traveling), with a name of Turkic origin, which literally translates as “head” or “headband”.
The hood is an element of clothing, widespread in Dagestan, Georgia, Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, etc. At one time it was an inseparable part of the Vainakh costume as a whole. And he was worn in any weather, serving as an excellent protection from rain, snow and wind.
Often shepherds used it as a food bag to carry little lambs during the lambing season. During the sowing season, farmers wore and used a hood to carry seeds.
In addition to everyday use, the hood was also used as a decoration for men's costumes on holidays. Luxurious hood adorned the groom when he rode for the bride.
Wearing Methods
The hood is quite simple in shape. How to dress him? Oddly enough, there are many ways to wear it.
1. With a combat (belt) belt, they wore it on their shoulders, putting it on over an overcoat. The cap was placed on the back, and its ends, passed under the shoulder straps, were placed on the chest.crosswise (right under left) and plugged into the belt.
2. Without a combat belt, the ends of the hood were laid in front with a flat knot and neatly plugged over the side of the overcoat between the buttons (3rd and 4th) or passed a second time (crosswise from front to back) and tucked under shoulder straps.
3. When the hood was thrown just around the neck, the double-bent cap covered the back of the head, and the ends were wrapped around the neck, while the collar did not rise.
4. When worn on the head, the cap was on the main headdress, and the ends were wrapped around the raised collar.
So we learned something about the hood. What it is? This hat is very comfortable and practical in every way. Currently, the hood (at one time a popular and original element of urban clothing) has fallen into disuse, for the reason that there are no skilled craftswomen involved in this business. And yet, its elegant version is still used by amateur artists and professional dancers of folk ensembles of the Caucasian republics.
