Nail treatment is the initial stages of manicure both at home and in a beauty salon. The procedure differs depending on the type of manicure: trimmed or unedged, hardware, preparation for applying gel polish or working with nails affected by fungus.
Tools and materials: list
How to treat nails at home? First you need to prepare all the tools and materials that may be useful in the manicure process. Shops today offer a huge selection of hand care products. For self-manicure you may need:
- nail polish remover;
- nail files;
- wooden cuticle sticks;
- manicure scissors or tweezers;
- cuticle oil;
- softener;
- cotton pads;
- steam bath;
- hand care cream;
- hand scrub;
- hydrogen peroxide;
- natural bristle brush;
- lacquerfor nails;
- base coat (base);
- varnish fixer (finish);
- waffle towel or cotton napkin.
Secrets of choice: nail polish remover
It is better to choose a nail polish remover without acetone, which negatively affects the nail plate, although it quickly rinses off the old coating. With frequent use of the product with acetone, the nails begin to exfoliate and fade. To minimize harm in a liquid (in fact, it may not be a liquid at all, but a gel or cream), various nourishing and moisturizing components are added. Some products contain vitamins A, E, group B, essential oils, extracts of medicinal herbs, mineral ingredients (calcium) that protect the nail plate from brittleness and delamination.
File, wooden sticks and scissors
It is better to buy a glass nail file. The tool is not so aggressive on the nails and does not provoke delamination. Polishing nail files may be useful. These are made in the form of a parallelepiped. The plating and number on each side is different. You need to polish the nails in turn (depending on the number of the face). The procedure should be carried out no more than once a month.
Often, for manicure, disposable orange sticks are used to push back the cuticles. The orange tree has antiseptic properties, the wood has a dense, but at the same time very soft texture, absorbs moisture well. The length of the stick varies from 9 to 18 cm, the average thickness is 3-5 mm. There are options with rubber tips, but the use of such a tool for nails is much lower.
Wooden sticks can be replaced with metal instruments made of high quality medical steel. They are reusable, easy to disinfect and can perform all the functions of an orange stick. But you need to use the tool very carefully, because a metal spatula can seriously damage the nail plate. Therefore, it is better to use models with rubber tips.
The size of nail scissors or special tweezers is chosen from the convenience of the woman herself. It is advisable to purchase a tool made of high-quality steel from well-known manufacturers. Such scissors will have to be sharpened very rarely, and there will be no problems with manicure.
Cuticle remover, oils and scrubs
Cuticle remover, oil, scrub, cream and cotton pads are available at any beauty store. You can use home remedies: baths with s alt and oil or oil massage. Oils are used cosmetic or essential. The most useful are coconut, almond, avocado or tea tree oil. Fruit acids, which are sold in pharmacies, will do an excellent job of softening the cuticle.
Processing tools in the salon
How to treat nails at home? Any high-quality and safe manicure begins with the processing of tools, and not with the preparation of the nails themselves (steaming, and so on).
Manicure processingtool in beauty salons involves several stages. First, an antiseptic is rubbed into the skin of the hands to destroy pathogenic or suppress temporary microflora. How to properly handle nail trimming tools? All instruments (except for disposables, which must be individually wrapped) are immersed in the disinfectant solution either open or disassembled.
After disinfection, the instruments are put into a kraft bag and placed in a sterilizer. The instrument should be stored in a UV sterilizer with germicidal lamps. Before use, manicure tools are sprayed again with a disinfectant solution from a spray bottle.
Disinfection at home
At home, the processing of nail files, tweezers and scissors is carried out before the start of the procedure and after the end of the manicure. If this is a personal manicure set, then it is enough to wipe the tools with a cotton pad, abundantly moistened with hydrogen peroxide or alcohol. If you are doing manicures at home for several clients, then you should purchase a compact sterilizer to comply with all the rules of disinfection and sterilization.
Procedures, of course, can be performed in the old fashioned way: the tools are boiled and then they are calcined in the oven in sealed bags. Poor-quality scissors and tweezers can become blunt or bend with such handling, but medical steel products will easily withstand all procedures.
Additionally, you need to treat the hands of the master and the client with an antiseptic solution. Suchprocessing is provided only in the process of preparing he althy nail plates for manicure. In the presence of a fungus, instruments are disinfected differently.
General Safety Rules
How to properly handle fingernails, hands and tools so that the manicure process is safe? The process of sterilizing instruments is detailed above, but there are a few more rules that you should follow for your own good.
All actions must be done very carefully and slowly, because you can cut yourself or the client. It is worth asking the client in advance whether the capillaries are close to the surface of the skin. If this is the case, then an unedged manicure should be recommended to avoid injury.
When you receive a “wound” in the struggle for the beauty of nails, the cut must be immediately treated. This is not a tragedy. If all manicure tools are disinfected according to the rules of the SES, and the wound is immediately treated, then you can not be afraid to get infected with something dangerous.
Cut treatment
Usually treated with alcohol or hydrogen peroxide, but these antiseptics thin the blood. Professionals use hemostatic fluids that quickly stop bleeding and do not interfere with high-quality varnish application. You just need to soak a cotton swab in the solution and apply it to the wound for a few seconds.
From surgery, gynecology and dentistry, Vagotil, Gemostab, Capramine and Enoji successfully migrated to the nail industry. You can use medical glue, which is good at stopping bleeding.
“Vagotil” gives instanteffect, but may stain the skin icteric. "Gemostab" not only stops the blood, but also anesthetizes. “Capramin” does not cause allergies, does not stain the skin and does not have a specific smell, and there is a very convenient pipette in the box for dosing.
Treatment of nails with trimmed manicure
How to properly process nails? First you need to prepare and disinfect all the tools that you may need. Then you should remove the remnants of the old varnish with a cotton pad and liquid (it can be a gel or cream) to remove.
The next step is the bath. Warm water and a special filler are poured into a plastic bowl. It can be shower gel or liquid soap, essential oils, lemon juice (softens cuticles and makes it easier to remove) or sea s alt (helps strengthen nails and disinfects). If there are scratches or peeling, you should not use sea s alt, it is better to replace it with a decoction of chamomile.
The bath should be taken within five to ten minutes. After the hands are wiped with a soft towel or blotted with a paper towel.
Next, remove the cuticle. How to treat nails at home? To do this, you need an orange stick and wire cutters (tweezers). With the tip of a wooden stick, carefully push the cuticle to the edge of the nail plate, and then cut it with nippers so that the cut is burr-free. At this stage, you need to do everything very carefully. Carelessness can lead to infection. In place of the removedany cosmetic oil or emollient is applied to the cuticles.
How to properly process nails at home next? The next step is the form. It is best to refuse to use scissors, limiting yourself to a nail file. Nails need to be filed in only one direction so as not to damage the plates. The nail file is held at a slight angle. Processing is carried out from the edge to the center of the nail plate.
The form can be absolutely any. It is worth focusing on personal preferences and fashion, which changes every season. Oval-shaped nails always look aesthetically pleasing, which protrude 3-4 mm beyond the edge of the finger. Short nails make the fingers visually shorter and thicker, while too long nails are simply uncomfortable.
A nail file should be chosen 15-20 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide. This is the most convenient tool. It is better to use soft ones, because metal ones lead to delamination of nails. For a home manicure, it is enough to purchase one universal file.
Unedged manicure technique
How to properly treat nails with unedged manicure, and what does such a procedure generally involve? Unedged is suitable for those whose vessels are located close to the surface of the skin, and the cuticle is thin and delicate. The main difference from a cut manicure is that the cuticle is not cut off. It is removed using a special tool.
It is not necessary to steam the skin of the hands before an unedged manicure, but no one canceled the processing of tools. How to treat fingernails correctly? Needgive the nails the desired shape with a nail file, and then start removing the cuticle. To do this, a special composition is applied to the skin, which dissolves dead cells. After a few minutes, it remains only to move the cuticle back and gently remove dead skin with an orange stick. The remains of the product are removed with a towel or paper towel.
How to treat the skin around the nail further? You should use nourishing oil. The product should be rubbed with massage movements over the entire nail surface and into the skin around the nails. Before applying varnish, the surface must be degreased. There should be no traces of oil at all, otherwise the varnish will lie unevenly. The colorless base will protect the nails from pigmentation and allow the varnish to last as long as possible.
Applying colored nail polish
Colored varnish is applied in a thin layer. The procedure must be repeated after a few minutes, so that the first layer has time to dry. The final stage is the application of a finishing coat or giving additional shine. This will keep the manicure in good condition longer. It is best to buy a product from the category "two in one", that is, one that is both a fixer and a base, and adds shine.
Many professional masters recommend applying varnish not immediately after a manicure, but the next day. The fact is that the steamed nail plate eventually takes on its usual shape, and the varnish sets earlier. Thus, an air gap is formed between the nail and the varnish. Because of this, all beauty breaks off literally onthe next day. And if you paint your nails a little later, then the varnish will last the prescribed 5 days.
Hardware manicure: tools
How to treat nails with a manicure machine? This is a device that looks like a small milling machine, on which you can install different nozzles. The manicure technique differs only in that dead skin is removed not with hand tools, but with a mechanical device.
The machine for hardware manicure can be equipped with diamond cutters, ceramic or silicon carbide. Diamonds are the most effective and expensive, they perfectly solve the problem of unevenness and provide its prevention. Ceramic are used for problem areas, well suited for pedicure. Silicon carbide burrs are the cheapest and most widely available, but are considered disposable and must be disposed of after the procedure.
There are different types of nozzles. The reverse cone is used to treat nails before a French manicure, the ball bur is needed to remove small growths and cracks. The cylindrical tool is used to shorten nails, remove gel polish, create designs and other procedures.
Use the drum to remove rough patches, trim thick nails or even out the growth line. Polishers are made of plastic or silicone in the form of a rounded cone. According to reviews, even for a home manicure, you need to purchase four types of nozzles.
Machine nail treatment
How to properly treat nails with a manicure machine?You do not need to steam them, because the procedure is carried out only on a dry nail plate. The speed is set to speeds up to 10,000. The machine must not be pressed or put under pressure during processing. First, it is advisable to practice on silicone tips.
So, how to properly treat nails with a machine? The cuticle is first pushed back to the nail hole with an orange stick. In this area, medium-hard drums can be used. Removal of dead cells on the palms and fingers is performed using ball-shaped burs. Trapezoidal or cylindrical cutters can give the nail plate the desired shape.
Next, how to process nails with a machine? Now you can start polishing. This is quite difficult for beginners: you can’t bring the edge of the polisher to the nail to avoid scratches, you can’t hold the tool in one place for more than one second. Then it remains to remove the dust and remnants of the nail, lubricate the skin around with oil and apply varnish.
Gel polish application technology
Many women choose gel because it lasts longer and prevents nails from breaking. But how to properly treat nails before applying gel polish? First you need to give the desired shape, align the free edge of the plate and carefully clean it from dust. If the nails exfoliate, then you need to treat with a finely abrasive nail file. Before coating, you can do a manicure, but the surface of the nail should be dry and fat-free.
How to treat nails before gel polish? Upperthe layer of the nail plate is removed with a coarse-grained buff. The surface should remain matte. Do not press hard on the tool so as not to damage the nail. The dehydrator further removes the remnants of the nail, dust, grease and moisture. After processing, the nails should not be touched with fingers.
Before applying the base, it is worth covering the nail with a primer so that the adhesion of the gel polish to the nail plate is more durable. Be sure to use a primer for thin or brittle plates, the presence of delaminations. Then a base gel is applied, which creates a bond between the natural nail and the artificial material at the molecular level, and also protects the plate from coloring pigments.
The layer should be made as thin as possible. The base is dried under an ultraviolet lamp for one minute, when using an LED lamp, only ten seconds are enough. The color gel is applied in one layer for translucency. If you apply two or three layers, then the color will be saturated. But in any case, you need to try to make the layers very thin. After each layer, the nails are dried under the lamp.
Finishing gel is required to fix the coating. If the finish coat is not properly dried, then the gloss may be lost. At the final stage, it remains only to remove the dispersion layer from the surface of the nail plate with a special liquid.
Pedicure
How to properly treat toenails? During a pedicure, the nail plate is processed in the same sequence as during a manicure. First, the skin is steamed, then you needtrim nails and cuticles. Pedicure requires treatment: care for the skin of the feet, cracked heels and corns. How to treat toenails is understandable, but what to do with rough skin?
Dead skin is removed with a pumice stone, but first you need to steam your feet in a warm bath for 10 minutes. Scrubs and peels help to get rid of hardened particles.
But a neglected situation cannot be corrected with a regular pedicure. To remove cracks and hardening, you need to apply a nourishing mask, wrap the legs with cellophane and put on warm socks. It is recommended to leave the mask overnight, and in the morning wash your feet and lubricate with a nourishing cream. The result will appear only after a few procedures.
Nail fungus: processing rules
How to properly treat nails with fungus? This disease requires long-term and systemic treatment. Fungal infections remain viable after washing or cleaning with conventional means, a person becomes dangerous to others and even to himself, because relapses are guaranteed without proper treatment.
To remove the fungus, you need to regularly carry out compresses, baths, use tablets and medicinal varnishes. How to properly treat fungal nails? With a sterile instrument, the nail plate is first treated with a file, and then with antifungal ointments.
For procedures, you can use “Chlohexidine” in the form of a ready-made solution (1%). With a cotton pad, you need to carefully wipe the shoes from the inside, the insole, all manicure and pedicure tools. Socks need to be boiled ina special solution or treat with a pharmacy antimycotic drug.
Means for the treatment of mycosis
How to properly treat toenails in the presence of a fungus? You can use the pharmacy "Miko-stop", "Miramistin", "Dezavid", "Laina" and the already mentioned "Chlorhexidine". Spray "Miko-stop" is suitable for emergency disinfection. "Miramistin" - this drug for use in a large number of cases is used, including for the treatment of shoes. "Dezavid" is available in the form of a solution and spray. Can be used after nail removal. "Laina" is used on household items, but the shoes must be dried after processing.